191 - The Young Ones: Encounters with European Thought

18th and 19th century intellectuals in India and the Ottoman empire, from Shāh Walī Allāhto the Young Turks, continue Islamic traditions and grapple with European science.

• A.Q. Ahmed, “Logic in the Khayrābādī School of India: a Preliminary Exploration,” in M. Cook et al (eds), Law and Tradition in Classical Islamic Thought (New York: 2013), 227-43.

• S. Akkach, Abd al-Ghani al-Nabulusi: Islam and the Enlightenment (Oxford: 2007).

• A. Bein, “A ‘Young Turk’ Islamic Intellectual: Filibeli Ahmed Hilmi and the Diverse Intellectual Legacies of the Ottoman Empire,” International Journal of Middle East Studies 39 (2007), 607-25.

• K. El-Rouayheb, “The Myth of the Triumph of Fanaticism in the Seventeenth-Century Ottoman Empire,” Die Welt des Islams 48 (2008), 196-221.

• A. Hammond, Late Ottoman Origins of Modern Islamic Thought: Turkish and Egyptian Thinkers on the Disruption of Islamic Knowledge (Cambridge: 2022).

• S. Hanioğlu, The Young Turks in Opposition (Oxford: 1995).

• M.K. Hermansen, “Shāh Walī Allāh of Delhi’s Ḥujjat Allāh al-Bāligha: Tension Between the Universal and the Particular in an Eighteenth-Century Islamic Theory of Religious Revelation,” Studia Islamica 63 (1986), 143-57.

• E. Özdalga (ed.), Late Ottoman Society: the Intellectual Legacy (London: 2005).

• M. Sait Özervarli, “Alternative Approaches to Modernization in the Late Ottoman Period: Izmirli Ismail Hakki’s Religious Thought Against Materialism Scientism,” International Journal of Middle East Studies 39 (2007), 77-102.